劍橋KET語法全概括(3)可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞+many/much/a lot of/lots of/a few/a little
1. 可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞
不可數(shù)名詞:不可以以單位計(jì)數(shù)、沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞:water, milk, juice, money, butter...
可數(shù)名詞:可以以單位計(jì)數(shù)、所以會(huì)有單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)之分的名詞:banana, apple, computer, book, pencil...
可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式:
大部分名詞是直接在結(jié)尾加s:books, apples, computers
當(dāng)結(jié)尾字母是s, x, ch, sh時(shí),加es:buses, boxes, lunches, brushes
結(jié)尾字母是y,且y前邊的字母為輔音時(shí)變y為ies:baby-babies
有些結(jié)尾字母是f/fe的詞有特殊的復(fù)數(shù)形式:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-havles
有些單詞的單復(fù)數(shù)是一樣的:sheep, fish, deer
有些結(jié)尾字母是o的詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)加es:tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes
有些詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式很特殊:child-children, man-men, woman-women, person-people
提示:
可數(shù)名詞在句子中必然以下面三種形式里的一種出現(xiàn):a banana(泛指任何一個(gè)香蕉)bananas(泛指任何一些香蕉)
the bannana(s)(特指某個(gè)/些香蕉)
不可數(shù)名詞在句子中必然以下面兩種形式里的一種出現(xiàn) water(泛指任何水)
the water(特指某個(gè)地方的水)
考生經(jīng)常犯的錯(cuò)是把上述幾種形式搞混??纯聪旅孢@句話錯(cuò)在哪:I want to eat apple.
2. many/much/a lot of/lots of/a few/a little
many/much/a lot of/lots of 都表示“很多”1) many放在可數(shù)名詞前面:There are many students in the room.2) much放在不可數(shù)名詞前面:I can drink so much water.3) a lot of/lots of放在可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞前面都可以:
There are a lot of students in the room.
I can drink lots of water.
a few/a little 都表示“幾個(gè),一些”1) a few 放在可數(shù)名詞前面:There are only a few students in the room.2) a little 放在可不數(shù)名詞前面:I can only drink a little wine.
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