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								?2022年初中英語的重點詞匯、短語、句子！							
      
							
							
							
													
      

						
												
      
							
      
								
      點擊領取>>>414份！北京初中上學期各科期末試卷&期末知識點整理
      1. clothes, cloth, clothing
      clothes統(tǒng)指各種衣服，謂語動詞永遠是復數(shù)， cloth指布，為不可數(shù)名詞 clothing 服裝的總稱，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of
      2. incident, accident
      incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident.
      3. amount, number
      amount后接不可數(shù)名詞， number后接可數(shù)名詞 a number of students
      4. family, house, home
      home 家，包括住處和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成員. My family is a happy one.
      5. sound, voice, noise
      sound自然界各種各樣的聲音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.
      6. photo, picture, drawing
      photo用照相機拍攝的照片，picture可指相片，圖片，電影片，drawing畫的畫 Let's go and see a good picture.
      7. vocabulary, word
      vocabulary詞匯，一個人擁有的單詞量，word具體的單詞He has a large vocabulary.
      8. population, people
      population人口，人數(shù)，people具體的人 China has a large population.
      9. weather, climate
      weather一天內(nèi)具體的天氣狀況，climate長期的氣候狀況 The climate here is not good for you.
      10. road, street, path, way
      road具體的公路，馬路，street街道，path小路，小徑，way道路，途徑
      take this road; in the street, show me the way to the museum.
      11. course, subject
      course課程(可包括多門科目)，subject科目(具體的學科)a summer course
      12. custom, habit
      custom傳統(tǒng)風俗，習俗，也可指生活習慣，后接to do， habit生活習慣，習慣成自然，后接of doing. I've got the habit of drinking a lot.
      13. cause, reason
      cause 指造成某一事實或現(xiàn)象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，reason用來解釋某種現(xiàn)象或結果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late
      14. exercise, exercises, practice
      exercise運動，鍛煉(不可數(shù))，exercises練習(可數(shù))，practice(反復做的)練習 Practice makes perfect.
      15. class, lesson
      作"課"解時,兩者可以替換.指課文用lesson. 指班級或全體學生用class. lesson 6; class 5
      16. speech, talk, lecture
      speech指在公共場所所做的經(jīng)過準備的較正式的演說，talk日常生活中的一般的談話，講話，lecture學術性的演講，講課 a series of lecture on…
      17. officer, official
      officer部隊的軍官，official政府官員 an army officer
      18. work, job
      二者均指工作。work不可數(shù)，job可數(shù) a good job
      19. couple, pair
      couple主要指人或動物，pair多指由兩部分組成的東西 a pair of trousers
      20. country, nation, state, land
      country側重指版圖，疆域，nation指人民，國民，民族，state側重指政府，政體，land國土，國家 The whole nation was sad at the news.
      21. cook, cooker
      cook廚師，cooker廚具 He is a good cook.
      22. damage, damages
      damage不可數(shù)名詞, 損害，損失; damages復數(shù)形式, 賠償金 $900 damages
      23. police, policeman
      police警察的總稱，后接復數(shù)謂語動詞，policeman 指某個具體的警察 The police are questioning everyone in the house.
      24. problem, question
      problem常和困難連系，前面的動詞常為think about, solve, raise，question常和疑問連系，多和ask, answer連用
      25. man, a man
      man人類，a man一個男人 Man will conquer nature.
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      26. chick, chicken
      二者均可指小雞，chicken還可以當雞肉 The chicken is delicious.
      27. telegram, telegraph
      當電報解時，telegram指具體的，telegraph指抽象的 a telegram, by telegraph
      28. trip, journey, travel, voyage
      travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍長的旅途，voyage指海上航行 a three-day trip
      29. sport, game
      sport多指戶外的游戲或娛樂活動，如打球，游泳，打獵，賽馬等;game指決定勝負的游戲，通常有一套規(guī)則 His favorite sport is swimming.
      30. price, prize
      price價格，prize獎，獎品，獎金 win the first prize The price is high/low.
      31. a number of, the number of
      a number of許多，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。the number of…的數(shù)目，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。The number of students is increasing.
      32. in front of, in the front of
      in front of范圍外的前面，in the front of范圍內(nèi)的前面 In the front of the room sits a boy.
      33. of the day, of a day
      of the day每一天的，當時的，當代的， of a day暫時的，不長久的 a famous scientist of the day
      34. three of us, the three of us
      three of us我們(不止三個)中的三個，the three of us我們?nèi)齻€(就三個人)The three of us---Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.
      35. by bus, on the bus
      by bus表手段，方式，不用冠詞，on the bus表范圍 They went there by bus.
      36. for a moment, for the moment
      for a moment 片刻，一會兒，for the moment暫時，一時 Thinking for a moment, he agreed.
      37. next year, the next year
      next year將來時間狀語，the next year過去將來時間狀語 He said he would go abroad the next year.
      38. more than a year, more than one year
      more than a year一年多，more than one year超過一年(兩年或三年等)
      39. take advice, take the(one's) advice
      take advice征求意見，take the advice接受忠告 He refused to take the advice and failed again.
      40. take air, take the air
      take air傳播，走漏，take the air到戶外去，散步 We take the air every day.
      41. in a word, in words
      in a word總之，一句話， in words口頭上 In a word, you are right.
      42. in place of, in the place of
      in place of代替，in the place of在…地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one.
      43. in secret, in the secret
      in secret秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作狀語;in the secret知道內(nèi)情，知道秘密，一般用作表語 My mother was in the secret from the beginning.
      44. a girl, one girl
      a girl可泛指所有女孩, one girl一個女孩 Can one girl carry such a big box?
      45. take a chair, take the chair
      take a chair相當于sit down坐下，take the chair開始開會
      46. go to sea, by sea, by the sea
      go to sea當海員，出航，by sea乘船，由海路， by the sea在海邊 go by sea
      47. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher
      the doctor and teacher指一個人，既是醫(yī)生又是老師，the doctor and the teacher兩個人，一個醫(yī)生和一個老師 the doctor and teacher is
      48. in office, in the office
      in office在職的，in the office在辦公室里 He is in office, not out of office.
      49. in bed, on the bed
      in bed臥在床上，on the bed在床上 The book is on the bed. He is ill in bed.
      50. in charge of, in the charge of
      in charge of管理，負責照料， in the charge of由……照料 He is in charge of the matter. The matter is in the charge of her.
      51. in class, in the class
      in class在課上，in the class在班級里 He is the best student in the class.
      52. on fire, on the fire
      on fire著火,on the fire在火上 Put the food on the fire. The house is on fire.
      53. out of question, out of the question
      out of question毫無疑問的，out of the question不可能的
      54. a second, the second
      a second又一，再一，the second第…… He won the second prize.
      55. by day, by the day
      by day白天，by the day按天計算 The workers are paid by the day.
      56. the people, a people
      the people指人，a people指民族 The Chinese is a peace-loving people.
      57. it, one
      it同一物體，one同類不同一 I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.
      58. that, this
      that指代上文所提到的，this導出下文所要說的 I was ill. That's why…
      59. none, nothing, no one
      none強調(diào)有多少，nothing, no one強調(diào)有沒有，nothing指物，no one指人
      --- How many…/How much…? --- None.
      60. anyone, any one
      anyone指人，不能接of，any one指人物均可，可接of any one of you
      61. who, what
      who指姓名或關系，what指職業(yè)或地位 What is your dad? He is a teacher.
      62. what, which
      what的選擇基礎是無限制的，which在一定范圍內(nèi)進行選擇 Which do you prefer, bananas or apples?
      63. other, another
      other后接名詞復數(shù)，another后接名詞單數(shù) other students, another student
      64. not a little, not a bit
      not a little非常，not a bit一點也不 I'm not a bit tired. 我一點兒也不累。
      65. many, much, a lot of
      many和可數(shù)名詞連用，much和不可數(shù)名詞連用，a lot of可數(shù)，不可數(shù)均可，但不用于否定句 I haven't many books.
      66. much more…than, many more…than
      much more…than后接形容詞或不可數(shù)名詞，many more…than后接可數(shù)名詞 many more people, much more water, much more beautiful
      67. no, not
      no=not a/any no friend=not a/any friend no water=not any water
      68. no more than, not more than
      no more than相當于only，僅僅，只有，not more than 至多，不超過
      69. majority, most
      majority只能修飾可數(shù)名詞，most可數(shù)不可數(shù)均可 the majority of people
      70. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself
      by oneself單獨的，獨自的，for oneself為自己，to oneself供自己用的，of oneself 自行的，自動的 The door opened of itself.
      71. at all, after all
      at all根本，全然, after all到底，畢竟 After all he is a child.
      72. tall, high
      tall常指人或動物，high常指物體 He is tall.
      73. fast, quickly
      fast側重于指人或物體具有運動速度快的特點，quickly側重指某事完成或發(fā)生的快 run fast, answer the question quickly
      74. high, highly
      high具體的高，highly抽象的高，高度的 think highly of
      75. healthy, healthful
      healthy健康的，健壯的，healthful有益于健康的 healthful exercise
      76. sleeping, asleep, sleepy
      sleeping正在睡覺，asleep睡著，熟睡，只能做表語，sleepy困的，有睡意的 a sleeping baby The baby is asleep. I'm sleepy.
      77. gold, golden
      gold指真金制品，golden指金色的，但金魚用gold fish a gold ring
      78. most, mostly
      most用于表感受的肯定句中，相當于very，當大部分，大多數(shù)解時是形容詞或名詞，mostly大部分,是副詞 most people, the people are mostly…
      79. just, very
      just表強調(diào)時是副詞，作狀語，very表強調(diào)時是形容詞，用作定語 the very man, just the man
      80. wide, broad
      wide側重于一邊到另一邊的距離，broad側重于幅面的寬廣broad shoulders
      81. real, true
      real真的，真實的，指的是事實上存在而不是想象的，true真的，真正的，指的是事實和實際情況相符合 real gold, a true story
      82. respectful, respectable
      respectful尊敬，有禮貌，respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的 be respectful to the aged
      83. outwards, outward
      二者均可用作副詞，表示向外，外面，outward還可用作形容詞 an outward voyage
      84. pleasant, pleased, pleasing
      pleasant常用作定語，pleased, pleasing常用作表語，pleased主語常為人，pleasing主語常為物 a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing.
      85. understanding, understandable
      understanding明白事理的，能體諒的，understandable 可理解的，能夠懂的 an understanding girl, an understandable mistake
      86. close, closely
      close接近，靠近，closely緊緊地，緊密地 closely connected, stand close
      87. ill, sick
      ill做表語，sick定，表均可 a sick boy
      88. good, well
      good形容詞，well副詞，但指身體狀況是形容詞 He is well again.
      89. quiet, silent, still
      quiet安靜的，可以發(fā)出小的聲音，silent不發(fā)出聲音，但可以動，still完全不動，完全無聲響 He stand there still. 他站在那兒，一動不動，也不說話。
      90. hard, hardly
      hard努力，hardly幾乎不 work hard I can hardly believe it.
      91. able, capable
      able與不定式to do連用，capable與of連用 He is capable of doing…
      92. almost, nearly
      二者均為"幾乎,差不多" 和否定詞連用用almost almost nobody
      93. late, lately
      late遲，晚，lately最近，近來 I haven't seen him lately.
      94. living, alive, live, lively
      living, alive, live均為活著的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定語后置，live只能做定語，lively意為活波的 all the living people=all the people alive
      95. excited, exciting
      excited使人興奮的，exciting令人興奮的 I'm excited. The news is exciting.
      96. deep, deeply
      deep具體的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地 deeply moved, dig deep
      97. aloud, loud
      aloud出聲地，loud大聲地 read aloud(出聲地讀)
      98. worth, worthy
      二者均為值得，worth后接doing，worthy后接to be done, of being done
      It is worth visiting. = It's worthy to be visited. = It's worthy of being visited.
      99. bad, badly
      bad形容詞，badly副詞，不好，但與need, want, require連用為"很，非常" go bad I need the book badly.
      100. before long, long before
      before long不久以后，long before很久以前 not long before = before long
      101. quite, rather
      quite完全地，相當于completely, rather修飾比較級 quite impossible
      102. happy, glad
      happy高興，幸福，定表均可，glad高興，只能做表語 a happy girl
      103. instead, instead of
      instead是副詞，放在句首或句末，instead of是介詞短語，放在句中He didn't see a film. Instead he watched TV. He watched TV instead of seeing a film.
      104. too much, much too
      too much 后接不可數(shù)名詞，much too后接形容詞 much too heavy
      105. be about to, be going to, be to do
      be about to表最近的將來，后面不接時間狀語，be going to 側重打算，想法，be to do側重意志，計劃，安排I'm to meet him.(含雙方事先約好的意思)
      106. raise, rise
      raise及物動詞，rise不及物動詞 The sun rises in the east.
      107. bring, take, carry, fetch
      bring拿來，take帶走，carry隨身攜帶，fetch去回這一往返動作 fetch a box of chalk
      108. spend, take, pay, cost
      spend人做主語，花錢，花時間; spend…on sth./in doing sth; take物做主語，花時間; pay人做主語，花錢，pay for; cost物做主語，花錢
      【重點短語】
      1. expect to do sth. 期望做某事
      expect sb. to do sth 期望某人做某事
      2. catch up with 追上，趕上
      3. different kinds of music 各種不同的音樂
      4. quiet and gentle songs 輕柔的歌曲
      5. take…to… 帶……到……
      6.remind…of… 使某人想起或意識到……
      7. her own songs 她自己的歌曲
      8. be important to 對……重要
      9. Yellow River 黃河
      10. Hong Tao’s latest movie 洪濤最近的電影
      11. over the years 多年來
      12. be sure to do sth. 務必/一定做某事
      13. one of the best known Chinese photographers世界上最有名的中國攝影家之一
      14. on display 展覽，展出
      15. come and go 來來往往
      16. can’t stand 不能忍受
      【重點句型】
      1. I love singers who write their own music. 我喜歡自己創(chuàng)作曲子的歌手。
      2. We prefer music that has great lyrics. 我們更喜歡歌詞很棒的音樂。
      3. What do you dislike about this CD. 你不喜歡這張CD的什么？
      4. What does it remind you of？它使你想起了什么？
      5. The music reminds me of Brazilian dance music. 這首曲子使我想起了巴西舞曲。
      6. It does have a few good features, though. 然而，它的確也有一些好的方面。
      7. She really has something for everyone. 每個人的確都能從她的作品中領悟到一些東西。
      8. Whatever you do, don’t miss this exhibition. 無論怎樣，你都不能錯過這個展覽會。
      9. As the name suggests, the band has a lot of energy. 正如樂隊名字所暗示的那樣， 這支樂隊很有活力。
      10. Some people say they are boring, but others say they are great. 有些人說他們很無聊，但也有人說，他們是偉大的。
      11. I f I were you, I’d eat nuts instead. 如果我是你，我會改吃堅果。
      【考點詳解】
      1. prefer v. 更喜歡，寧愿
      prefer sth. 更喜歡某事 I prefer English. 我更喜歡英語。
      prefer to do. 寧愿做某事 I prefer to sit. 我寧愿坐著。
      prefer sth to sth. 同…...相比更喜歡…... I prefer dogs to cats. 與貓相比我更喜歡狗。
      prefer doing to doing. 寧愿做某事而不愿做某事 I prefer walking to sitting. 我寧愿走路也不愿坐著。
      2. along with 伴隨… , 同… 一道
      I will go along with you. 我同你一道去。
      3. dance to sth. 隨著…...跳舞（用的介詞是to，這一點要注意）
      She likes dancing to the music. 她喜歡隨著音樂而跳舞。
      4. music n. 音樂
      musician n. 音樂家
      5. unfortunately adv.不幸運地
      fortunately adv.幸運地（如果你把這個詞記住了，那考試的時候你就是幸運的~）
      6. fun n. 有趣 funny adj. 有趣的，滑稽的
      7. be sure to do 一定做某事，肯定做某事
      It is sure to snow. 肯定要下雪
      8. known adj. 有名的，著名的（記住意思）
      9. on display 展覽（常見短語）
      10. energy n.活力 energetic adj.有活力的
      11. most of… ……的大多數(shù)
      12. keep healthy 保持健康
      13. get together 聚在一起
      14. discuss v.討論 discussion n.討論
      15. be bad for sth. 對…有壞處
      16. take care of = look after 照顧
      She often takes care of/looks after her son.
      17. stay away from 遠離……
      Stay away from me. I have a cold. 請遠離我，我得了感冒
      18. to be honest 老實說
      To be honest I really like flowers. 老實說我真的很喜歡花。
      19. dislike 不喜歡 反義詞：like 喜歡
      20. fisherman 漁夫 它的復數(shù)形式是fishermen
      21. photography n. 攝影；photograph n. 照片 相片；photographer n. 攝影師
      22. be in agreement 意見一致，常與介詞on/about連
      They are in agreement on that question. 他們對那個問題意見一致。
      23. even if 甚至
      24. mainly adv. 主要地 首要地

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