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北京中學(xué)學(xué)生參加2019年NHSDLC

2019年11月9日，高一年級(jí)學(xué)生姜怡然、徐卓楠，高二年級(jí)學(xué)生田心儀、王蘅源，參加了2019NHSDLC（中國(guó)高中生美式辯論聯(lián)賽）秋季北京地區(qū)賽，取得較好成績(jī)。

此次比賽前，四位同學(xué)積極參與了一年多的校內(nèi)英文辯論活動(dòng)：北中先后開(kāi)設(shè)的線(xiàn)上線(xiàn)下的英文辯論課，總時(shí)長(zhǎng)為6周的線(xiàn)上線(xiàn)下結(jié)合的英文辯論夏令營(yíng)。在線(xiàn)上課期間，同學(xué)們學(xué)習(xí)了英文辯論基礎(chǔ)并保持著每周一次的練習(xí)頻率；夏令營(yíng)期間，幾位同學(xué)的辯論技巧和模擬辯論經(jīng)驗(yàn)也得到了飛速提升。

不同于中文辯論，幾位同學(xué)參與的美式辯論P(yáng)ublic Forum（公開(kāi)論壇制）賽制是兩人搭檔，辯題常與經(jīng)濟(jì)、軍事、政治、環(huán)境等廣泛的內(nèi)容相關(guān)，很有助于拓寬知識(shí)面并綜合運(yùn)用學(xué)科知識(shí)。往年NHSDLC大賽辯題有 “是否應(yīng)該持有核武器”（2019NHSDLC秋季賽辯題）、“美國(guó)聯(lián)邦政府是否應(yīng)該設(shè)置統(tǒng)一化的基本收入”（2017NHSDLC全國(guó)賽辯題）、“美國(guó)大學(xué)在招生時(shí)是否應(yīng)采取平權(quán)措施”（2018NHSDLC全國(guó)賽辯題）等。

讓我們走近幾位辯手，聽(tīng)聽(tīng)他們的故事。

對(duì)于高二國(guó)際班的田心儀來(lái)說(shuō)，

重拾辯論是她的成長(zhǎng)：

時(shí)隔三年重拾辯論，像是繞來(lái)繞去走回了最開(kāi)始對(duì)的地方。

第一次接觸辯論是在初中時(shí)英姐的課堂上。那時(shí)候我愿意當(dāng)四辯，因?yàn)槲抑雷约簹鈭?chǎng)不夠做一辯（立論），臨場(chǎng)發(fā)揮能力不夠做二辯三辯（攻辯），于是可以提前寫(xiě)稿又能以冷靜的視角縱觀(guān)全局的四辯最適合我。我一直忘不了作為辯手站在臺(tái)上的感覺(jué)：那是我最自由的時(shí)刻，就好像全世界都在我發(fā)言的幾分鐘里被征服。

不過(guò)，有時(shí)候我太在乎輸贏，以至于為了逃避不理想的結(jié)局選擇了放棄整個(gè)過(guò)程。

從某一次輸?shù)舯荣惼?，別人問(wèn)我“辯論打得開(kāi)心嗎”我的回答從“開(kāi)心”變成了“不”，直到后來(lái)沒(méi)有回答，因?yàn)槲也辉賲⑴c辯論。我是喜歡辯論的，但是不喜歡輸，也不喜歡輸?shù)糁蟊粍e人委婉地問(wèn)“是不是緊張才沒(méi)發(fā)揮好啊”。就好像你把一件不喜歡的玩具塞到床下，又在它上面堆滿(mǎn)了雜物，直到你已經(jīng)想不起來(lái)玩具是不是真的在那里一樣：我漸漸忘記了我有多享受做辯手的自由和打辯論賽的快活，自己慢慢相信了“我不喜歡辯論”這個(gè)結(jié)論。

感謝北中開(kāi)設(shè)的英文辯論選修課以及美辯夏令營(yíng)，否則我大概不會(huì)重拾辯論。

開(kāi)始參與美辯以后我選擇了二辯，負(fù)責(zé)駁論、質(zhì)詢(xún)和總結(jié)（一辯也有質(zhì)詢(xún)和總結(jié)）。以前的我肯定搶著做一辯，因?yàn)橄噍^而言一辯可以提前準(zhǔn)備的內(nèi)容多一些，上場(chǎng)時(shí)不那么緊張；現(xiàn)在我已經(jīng)不喜歡確定性很強(qiáng)的事，轉(zhuǎn)而偏愛(ài)可能性和臨場(chǎng)的“爆發(fā)力”，因?yàn)檫@些每一次都獨(dú)一無(wú)二的時(shí)刻更吸引我，更給我“全世界都會(huì)被征服”的感覺(jué)。從這個(gè)角度講，辯論是一種藝術(shù)：它不可復(fù)制、不可預(yù)測(cè)，每一場(chǎng)辯論賽都充滿(mǎn)了兩方辯手精心設(shè)計(jì)的小心機(jī)，每句話(huà)都可能是鋪墊、陷阱或救命稻草，每秒鐘都不容錯(cuò)過(guò)。

夏令營(yíng)的Birge老師從第一天就講過(guò)一句話(huà)：“If you just like winning, then you shouldn’t do debate.”（如果你只是喜歡贏，那你不該去打辯論）直到經(jīng)歷了這次NHSDLC的比賽，我才真正明白了這句話(huà)背后關(guān)于一位優(yōu)秀辯手的心態(tài)的涵義。如果你去辯論的唯一目的就在于辯倒對(duì)手，說(shuō)明你求勝欲很強(qiáng)；但是，做一名辯手不代表做一個(gè)贏家，要享受辯論這一過(guò)程本身才能真正成為合格的辯手?？赡芤彩峭岽蛘?，我和搭檔王蘅源深知第一次參加美辯比賽是為了向?qū)κ謱W(xué)習(xí)、積累經(jīng)驗(yàn)、提升自己技巧，不是為了拿獎(jiǎng)杯，所以每一場(chǎng)比賽都打得很瀟灑很盡興。對(duì)于我們兩個(gè)新手來(lái)說(shuō)，遇到的每一位對(duì)手都是我們的老師，每一對(duì)搭檔都有值得我們學(xué)習(xí)的優(yōu)秀。每場(chǎng)比賽后的及時(shí)復(fù)盤(pán)讓我得以在下一個(gè)賽場(chǎng)上越來(lái)越如魚(yú)得水，同時(shí)也能更冷靜地思考出更多駁論的點(diǎn)。在32強(qiáng)的比賽中，我們不幸也幸運(yùn)地遇到了兩位冠亞軍水準(zhǔn)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的美國(guó)小姐姐，使我和搭檔無(wú)緣16強(qiáng)；不過(guò)即便被“碾壓”也快樂(lè)，因?yàn)槲沂斋@了比前四場(chǎng)都多的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。當(dāng)然，“享受過(guò)程”這句話(huà)每個(gè)人都不知道聽(tīng)了幾百回，真正做一件事的時(shí)候免不了還是會(huì)被結(jié)果的壓力所羈絆；適當(dāng)保持成果意識(shí)是很有必要——所幸，與過(guò)程的享受也并不沖突。

對(duì)于我來(lái)說(shuō)，這次參賽是又一次打破屏障實(shí)現(xiàn)了自我突破的新起點(diǎn)，未來(lái)還會(huì)在辯論場(chǎng)上更快樂(lè)、更瀟灑。

高二國(guó)際班的王蘅源對(duì)辯論的思考，

也是對(duì)自我的思考：

During the debate, I, aside from learned advanced debate skill, for the first time, felt the nervousness that a true debater might feel when he or she is facing his or her opponent. I knew, at the very start of the feeling, that I was eager for more. Yet, passions fade, and I was totally unaware of the passion during the camp when I came back to the school and faced tons and thousands of works and upcoming tests. I joined, and held, several clubs, but none of them was related to English debate, and I lived on like that for a few weeks. Funny how fate played on people’s lives, it was on psychology class that I remembered the linger passion for logical and elegant debate. We were asked to debate on an ethical problem on-class, and I performed well due to my prior knowledge and practices. Afterwards, my teacher talked to me and said that I really got the gift for debating. The story sounds like a cliché, but it dawned on me that debate, what I have been chasing all the time, should not halt like this. For this reason, I rejoined the English debate club.

Joining NHSDLC is the first thing that we did (other than training) for this semester’s debate career; to me, it was the first thing ever in my career. The competition itself was intense and tiring, but what really triggered me was the excitement during every single debate: we did five debates on a single day, from 8:20 a.m. to 9:40 p.m. I was amazed by the environment, and I felt so nervous at the beginning of the debate procedure that I read the wrong case in the first debate.  At that time, I really understood what is nervous. I sweat and stood there embarrassed while I was reading, but I quickly realized the mistake and remade the constructive speech. It was the worst of all had I finished the speech because we will be lost instantly — at least that’s what my partner told me after match.

This experience made me alert, and I learned to treat every speech afterwards as carefully as I can. Scrambling, we made it to the advanced match at last. But at the very last match of the day, we met two experienced debaters from the US. With no doubt, we failed to defeat them, and I saw the difference in both skills and experience through the match. It was hard not to think that “we tried so hard, but got outstripped just because we were unlucky.” Yes, losing a match may due to both fortune and skill, but what really matters, other than winning or losing, was that I learned my passion of debating. The NHSDLC evoked me, about all the efforts that I devoted into debate and about what I really am during all these times: A debater.

來(lái)看看有過(guò)參賽經(jīng)驗(yàn)的高一國(guó)際班

姜怡然同學(xué)想說(shuō)的：

Something very personal...

When I sat still on the chair of pro side, facing our opponents and the judge, I got nervous as usual. With the similar placard that was printed with a bold typeface and the label of “NHSDLC”, I heaved a sigh and left a negative pep-talk. I knew I didn’t get well-prepared: three days in total for formal preparation(even Lorena and me could not imagine that we finished our contention and rebuttals in such a short time, with roughly 2000 words for each person.)

For the first two rounds in the morning, we had pro. We did JUST OKAY, considering our preparation time. However, I knew I didn’t get my groove on: I was so nervous that I didn’t complete my logical deduction fluently and I stumbled a lot. We had opposing teams stronger than us; some of them were even aggressive and experienced. I expected that I would be more familiar to the pro’s argument comparing to the con’s. Nevertheless, when I was in the crossfire with the second speaker, I knew that I failed to win the clash. He asked, “What is the reason that we don’t have WW3?” I forgot what I replied but I knew it was a mess. I recalled that after the debate, and I figured out that I could simply replied it is geoeconomics or the efforts we already taken to eliminate nuclear weapons, such as the treaty-NPT, that maintained the peace.

I didn’t got the trophy, but I learned some hard lessons. Being well-prepared helps to build confidence. No matter how good or bad we are in debating, it’s important to never fear of our inabilities.

最后，來(lái)聽(tīng)聽(tīng)高一國(guó)際班的

徐卓楠談她的感受：

這個(gè)秋天是我第一次與同學(xué)單獨(dú)組隊(duì)，自主準(zhǔn)備參加美式辯論比賽。Tina和我的準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間可謂極其倉(cāng)促，直到期中考試后的第一個(gè)晚上才將主要論點(diǎn)確定下來(lái)。因?yàn)橐郧坝羞^(guò)一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)中文辯論經(jīng)驗(yàn)，一場(chǎng)辯論的準(zhǔn)備前后需要耗掉至少半個(gè)月的時(shí)間，才能夠?qū)φ擖c(diǎn)進(jìn)行更好的打磨。因此，三天的熬夜沖刺其實(shí)并不能將我們的付出化作以往備賽兩周多的效果。在感嘆時(shí)間都去哪了的同時(shí)，我們意識(shí)到了提前規(guī)劃的重要性。

這次比我想象中的要疲勞。與中文辯論不同的是，美式辯論強(qiáng)調(diào)證據(jù)和表達(dá)的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)性，因此邏輯和條理對(duì)我構(gòu)成了很大的挑戰(zhàn)；另外，自由辯論的時(shí)間減少使我在漫長(zhǎng)的雙人交鋒之中需要想出大量的辯證思路；最后是兩個(gè)辯題，四場(chǎng)比賽帶給我的身心壓力。確實(shí)，急迫的時(shí)間沒(méi)能為我們帶來(lái)很好的結(jié)果。因?yàn)槲夷芰徒?jīng)驗(yàn)的極度欠缺，很多觀(guān)點(diǎn)并沒(méi)有在臨場(chǎng)時(shí)刻做到清晰的表述。

沒(méi)有得到名次的惋惜不及這次經(jīng)歷帶給我的收獲。我很幸運(yùn)自己能夠有這樣一次機(jī)會(huì)突破自己的舒適圈，不再在自由辯論中一言不發(fā)或者快樂(lè)的躺贏。我遇到了又強(qiáng)大又靠譜的的隊(duì)友Tina，每一輪結(jié)束后幫助我了解自己在演講中的問(wèn)題和論點(diǎn)的缺陷，也和我進(jìn)行了許多難忘的交流。她讓我更深的記住了這次的比賽，不論是備賽的煎熬，比賽的緊張，兩天三千多字的成就感，或是一切結(jié)束的那一刻的釋然，我們一起體會(huì)。正是這些深刻的經(jīng)歷使美辯依舊吸引著我。

希望下一次嘗試會(huì)更加成功！

撰稿：田心儀 王蘅源 姜怡然 徐卓楠

供圖：姜怡然 田心儀

文稿編輯：田心儀

編輯：陳繼男

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